Just before our Aviation Cadet
Class 44-I was due to graduate, the entire Aviation Cadet Program training phase
upward movement was put on hold. So our
commissioning was delayed
for one full class-session. At the same time a bunch of P-40s were brought in
and parked on the Foster Field ramp. We thought we were going to get to fly them
instead of the AT-6s. But we didn't. We were eager to get into the real
thing -- combat aircraft. So the morale of Class 44-I at Foster Field was
somewhat tarnished prior to our commissioning. But I suppose that this "hold
back" affected the morale of other classes back down the line also.
There were claims that the reason for the "hold back" (and the "College
Training Detachment" as well) was to delay the production of Army Air Corps
pilots; because fewer of us were being lost in combat than the planning
moguls had anticipated. Reportedly, General "Hap" Arnold was already being
accused of having taken more than his share of the "cream of the crop" from
among the troops. It was rumored that it had become a sticky situation among the
silver stars.
The prospect of getting assigned to a P-51 fighter outfit kept growing
dimmer. After graduating from the Aviation Cadet program I received orders to
report to Randolph Field to attend the Training Command's Central Instructor
School (CIS). I didn't care much for this turn of events; but orders are
orders, as they say. However the few
weeks
there were a great learning experience. What's more, I felt greatly honored to
acually be assigned at Randolph Field. I felt as though I was in the shrine of
military aviation. As an adolesent aviation enthusiast I saw the Randolph Field
Administration building as a symbol of, and the epitome of, aviation glory. I
still do.
The CIS course consisted of both classroom and in-flight work. Each of us was
assigned to a mentor for the fine honing of our flight skills. This preparation
of its flight instructors is what assured that the Training Command's high
standards of flight training for the Army Air Corps Aviation Cadet and other
flight training programs would be fulfilled. My mentor was First Lieutenant
Kirkpatrick.
One thing I began to learn at CIS is that surviving as a mentor or flight
instructor requires intestinal fortitude and a constant alertness for sudden and
wierd things that students may be apt to do. Even though Lieutenant Kirkpatrick
was up to the mark in this respect, it is still a wonder that I did not cause
him to have a siezure by something I did while "shooting a stage" with him. A
"stage" is an exercise for testing the skill of pilots in landing their
aircrafts. The two control officers parked their AT-6 in the middle of an
auxillary landing field and set up their table there to score us on our
landings. The "stage" rule was that the pilot had to make a power-off final
approach glide path and make a three-point landing exactly in front of the
control aircraft. A three-point landing is one in which the two front
wheels and the tail wheel all touch down simultaneously. We had to do ten
touch-and-go landings in the stage.
On the way back to Randolph Field, Lieutenant Kirkpatrick said over the
intercom, "Well, you shot a perfect stage". Then after a pause he added, "With
possibly one exception ..... No, not even that. It was a perfect stage". I
didn't have to ask what that possible one exception was. In the final
approach for my ninth landing I was coming in too high and would have overshot
the mark. So without taking time to give a warning, I did something that my
Advance Training flight instructor, Lieutenant Stewart, had taught me. I turned
our AT-6 airplane on its side and cross-controlled the rudder and ailerons. We
dropped like a rock. At the right moment I flipped us back into an upright glide and immediately pancaked the aircraft in for the three-point landing on the mark. It was nice to be able to do little things like this.
Reporting for Duty -- Bring on the Aviation
Cadets
Soon enough, the Randolph Field CIS assignment was done. After that I was assigned to the US Army Air Corps Training Command as a Flight Instructor at Perrin Field near Sherman, Texas; and there I remained to the end of the war. You would never know it by the look on my face, but I was a bitterly disappointed young man about that outcome. I had been eagerly looking forward to a tactical assignment; especially hoping to be assigned to a P-51 fighter outfit. But that was never to be.
However, I am now priviliged to recall that the aviation pioneer, Chuck Yeager, and I were, at that time, both flight instructors and were both quartered in Bachelor Officer Quarters-A (pictured here).
Of the
nearly 14,000 P-51 (models A through K) produced, only about 300 still
exist today (year 2005), and less than half of them are flying. The P-51's
combat record of a 19:1 kill ratio includes 4950 air kills, 4131 ground
kills, and 230 V-1 kills. The source of this information is Larry's Aircraft Page. |
Aviation Cadets? --- What Aviation
Cadets?
My first class of flight students might have been Aviation Cadets. I truly
do not remember. My first few groups of flight students were from other
countries: Brazil, Mexico, and the Philippines. We were training them under the
wartime lend-lease agreement. We helped develop their "air forces" in exchange
for their allowing us to build some strategic air bases in their countries.
One of my Philippine students, named Baldemero, had already shot down a
Japanese Zero fighter aircraft shortly before the Japanese invasion of their
country. He was in primary flight training in the Stearman PT-17 bi-plane.
Because Japanese fighter planes had begun harrassing and shooting down their
flight students, they mounted 30-caliber machine guns on the PT-17s with only
hope moreso than any real expectation. However, one day Baldemero saw tracer
bullets passing over his head from behind. Quickly as the Zero passed overhead
also, he fired his 30-caliber pea-shooter at it. He missed it, of course, having
had no gunnery training or experience. But, by aiming at it, his bullets "led" a
second Zero right behind the first one exactly enough to shoot it down. That
must have been a frightening surprise for the pilot of the first Zero. He made a
hasty exit.
Following those flight students came the combat returnees into the Army Air
Corps pilot training program at Perrin Field. These were first lieutenants and
captains who had been navigators and bombadiers in combat. Only one of them had
been a second lieutenant, like myself. He had been shot down over Europe and
walked back to active duty through Spain. I had only two classes of these
fine gentlemen and seasoned officers by the time the war ended. After that, I
chose not to remain on active duty and had orders to report to the "Separation
Center" at Randolph Field.
While clearing the post (going to offices of various activities of the post
and signing out) I was told that I had a new duty assignment and was sent to
Captain Greene in another building. He told me that we were going to be working
together and training other pilots in precision flying, whatever that
meant. He was very disturbed when I told him I was clearing the post. Sorry
about that, as they say. I had my orders, and I was looking forward to attending
college under the "GI Bill".
The North American AT-6 TEXAN, Advance Trainer
Aircraft
The North American AT-6 Texan continued in use as the aircraft for Basic
and Advance flight training. It was truly an excellent aircraft. Its only
shortcoming that I can recall was in its fuel system. The fuel regulator for the
engine was a float chamber. The higher the float in the chamber, the more it
would restrict the supply of gasoline to the combustion cylinders. In inverted
flight the float would "drop" to the top of the chamber and cut off the fuel
supply. When this happened the engine would stop, and fire would belch out of
the exhaust port (which you can see just behind the engine cowling in the
picture).
Also, there was a gasoline tank in each wing and a hand-operated control for
switching from one tank to another. Besides "Left" and "Right", there was also
an "off" position in the switch, which cut off the gasoline supply all together.
This cost the life of my friend, Lt. Bretz, and one of his students. The
investigation of the crash revealed that Lt. Bretz had given his student a
simulated forced landing. Part of the procedure for those exercises was to turn
the gasoline tank switch to the other gasoline tank (just in case the tank had
become empty or had malfunctioned). Evidently, Lt. Bretz did not see that his
student had accidently switched to the "off" position. They were at a very low
altitude when the engine stopped again, and they crashed in a ravine. What a
sadness that day brought to us all. A sadness lingering even to this day.
This is a picture of another good friend, Bill Carlson (left), with two of
his friends in Japan after the war ended. On the back of the photo Bill wrote:
"Taken in front of our quarters in sunny
? south Japan. From left to right: the rock himself, A. Vicaro, and C.
Nutt (another Texan)."
[Explanation ~~ "the rock", was short for
"hot rock", which was an expression among us Air Corps pilots that
generally referred to being high among the best of all the "hot pilots"
that ever existed, and was used mostly to label ourselves and our most
respected buddies. So, was that a valid tag for Bill Carlson?
You-betcha!] |
Along with T. A. Campbell and Eddie Cidulka, Bill was one of my three
roommates in Advance Pilot Training (quarters were assigned alphabetically).
Bill was from Odebolt, Iowa.
I don't have a photo of "T.A." (Theron A.) Campbell. "T.A." was from
Sarasota, Florida. By the time the four of us graduated in November of 1944,
there was such a surplus of pilots that many were placed in "pilot pools" with
little or nothing to do, and some were given non-flying duty assignments. "T.A."
was assigned to a squadron of "pre-cadets" as the Commanding Officer. In a
recent search I was unable to learn more about T.A.'s life since 1945. It's
amazing how quickly even the best of friends can simply vanish in this sea of
humanity.
In the search I did find that Eddie Cidulka crossed
over in August of 1977 to be forever with our Lord. Eddie was from Lansing,
Michigan, where he had an office job in a steel mill. That's where he met and
fell in love with his sweetheart, Norma. He told me about Norma often. After the
war he went back to his same job and married Norma. He later transferred into
the steel production operation as an operator in a control center. He controlled
megatons of red hot steel coming out of the rollers and presses at high speeds.
In 1964 he, Norma, and their daughter visited Martha Anne and me in San Antonio.
They were on a ten-week vacation travelling all over the USA, parts of Mexico,
and up in Canada, too. He said he earned fourteen weeks of vacation a year. On a
high-stress job like his, it seems to have been well earned. He was still the
same bright and cheerful Eddie. I'm sure he never changed.
Close friendships developed in many of our progressive duty
assignments. Shown with me here are my friends Gordon Campbell, Millie Kent, and
Lee Ates. As with most of my WWII friends, I lost contact with Gordon. He was
from Los Angeles, California. Millie was from White-wright, Texas. Millie and
Lee became Lt. and Mrs. Ates. I was best man at their
wedding. Lee was from Oran, Missouri. We were fellow cadets together in Class
44-I since Basic Pilot Training at Garden City, Kansas.
And, one more important mention. In 1945 I received a letter from Patricia Ann Moulton, in which she sent me her picture. She was still with the US Navy
and was assigned to duty in a Navy operation at Hunter College in New York. I do not remember now if she was there in an administrative assignment or as a
teacher.
Patricia Ann Moulton is perhaps the most gentle "light" among the finest friends I have ever known. Lord, bless this dear one with your love and joy and peace forever, is my prayer.
In this life we are like fireflies in the night. We appear during a season filled with glowing moments in which we share with one another our lights and our delights and our aspirations. Then, one by one, we vanish from the night to be with our "Father of lights, with whom is no variableness, neither shadow of turning" as our season draws to a close.
In August of 1945 the Enola Gay delivered our convincing message to the
war-lords of Japan, and our struggle for peace was finally fulfilled. Some of my Army Air Corps
friends remained to make a military career of it. But most of us wended our
separate ways home. A lot of us had plans to attend college and launch out into
other careers.
I was soon back at Randolph Field again, which had now become a
"Separation Center". I had 30 days of terminal leave coming, and I spent it at
home with my parents. They wanted just one more picture of me in uniform. That's
when this one was taken (October of 1945).
Well: ..... Time to say "So long".
I never did get to fly the P-51. That's just the way it was. But then, we
can't win them all. Besides, I just thank God our Lord and Savior for protecting
me and blessing me far beyond anything I ever deserved. And I wish the same for
all of you ..
Sincerely yours,
John Christian